THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SMOKING AND SPO₂ EXAMINATION RESULTS AMONG MANUAL LABORERS AT PT X, KEDIRI

Abstract

Introduction

Smoking is a major public health problem that can affect oxygen transport in the body due to carbon monoxide exposure, which reduces hemoglobin’s ability to bind oxygen. This condition may lead to decreased oxygen saturation (SpO₂), especially in workers who rely on physical strength such as manual laborers. This study aimed to determine the relationship between smoking behavior and SpO₂ levels among manual labor workers at PT X Kediri.

Method

This study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. A total of 44 respondents were selected using quota sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires for smoking behavior and pulse oximetry for measuring SpO₂ levels. Data analysis was performed using the Independent t-test.

Result

The average SpO₂ level in non-smokers was 98.23%, while in smokers it was 97.27%. Most smokers (90.9%) had normal SpO₂ levels, although some (9.1%) showed decreased values. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between smoking behavior and SpO₂ levels (p = 0.035; p < 0.05).

Conclusion

There is a significant relationship between smoking and oxygen saturation levels. Smoking behavior can decrease SpO₂ levels among manual labor workers. It is recommended that workers reduce or stop smoking to maintain optimal health and work performance.